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Environmental health is the sub group of public health, which is related to overall natural and man made environment, by which human health may be affected. Environment health refers to those areas of human health and the diseases affecting human beings as a result of the environment. It also means changing the elements in the environment as far as possible for the betterment of the mankind. The current concern on environment is of global warming and environmentalists all over the world are striving to find a solution in this regard.
World Health Organization (WHO) studies the effects of radiation, chemical waste, air, water pollution, urban development, rural development and its effect on the environment and the benefits or otherwise to the society at large. Environmental health tries to cover all the health issues of the natural environment and the man made environment. Environmental health issues at hand are:
- Air Pollution: Rise in the air pollution due to smoking, urbanization, factory waste etc.
- Use of cosmetics and safety in body art that is growing, fashion of body piercing, tattooing, body piercing and permanent cosmetics. It had become fashion statement to pierce eyebrows with the youth. Similarly, tattooing on the entire body has become the in thing with teenagers, both boys and girls.
- Climatic change as a result of industrialization and global warming are having far reaching consequences on public health,
- Disaster Management: Last few years have seen increase in natural disasters –Tsunami, earthquakes. Environmentalists studies the why and how of the disasters and the response time in which the medical and other aid reaches the affected area.
- Safety in way the farming is done, processing of grains, pulses, shipment of food and ultimately its distribution to the network of wholesalers and retailers and ultimately to the final consumers.
- Increase in industrialization has led to increase in the toxic waste material, which could be detrimental to the environmental health. Waste management, management of polluted or contaminated sites, check on the leakages from the tanks stored under the ground, and the prevention of harmful toxic materials release to the environment and time taken to respond to emergencies resulting from such releases.
- Construction of Houses and ensuring that the houses are of standard quality, and checking of jails and prisons.
- Prevention of child labor
- Proper use of land and its growth
- Sewage management, industrial liquid waste release, treatment of industrial waste and water harvesting.
- Management of the waste from hospitals and medical institutions
- Control of noise pollution by keeping certain zones as no honking zones
- Protection against illness arising from swimming pools, spas, ponds, lakes, ocean and fresh water bathing places
- Provision of safe drinking water
- Recycling of solid waste, building and maintaining of composts, filling of land
- Check on Toxic contents in consumer products
- Control of mosquitoes, rodents, flies, cockroaches and other animals by spraying pesticides
- Research on vaccination of children and adults against epidemics- swine flu, bird flu etc.
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