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Menstruations are the basic requirement for a woman to bear children. The onset of menstrual cycles is an indication that everything is fine with the women and her reproductive organs are ready to bear children. Menstrual cycles come regularly and it is a mystery how without fail these cycles appear every month. Many societies find these menstrual cycles impure and ban the woman having her menses from entering in kitchen or going out of the house. But there is nothing wrong about having menses and the actual things that happen inside the female body are explained here.
The menstrual cycle has four menstrual phases –
- Day 1 to 5 of the menstrual cycle – The vaginal bleeding begins on the day 1 and can last up to 5 days. But for some women it can last for just 3 days. On the first day the bleeding is nominal but on the second and third day the blood flow is more. Again on the last day of the menstrual cycles the bleeding is less again. The lining of the uterus also gets shed during these days and that is what causes vaginal bleeding. Many women experience painful menstruations. Heavy vaginal bleeding, lower abdominal pains, headaches, lower back pains and tiredness are some of the problems that women experience during these five days of the menstrual cycle.
- Day 6 to 14 of the menstrual cycle – From the 6th day onwards the cells starts growing inside follicles and eventually form an egg. When the male sperm fertilizes this female egg, the egg grows into an embryo and the women become pregnant. In this case the menstrual cycles will stop working for the entire period of pregnancy. During the 6th day to 14th day the female body produces Follicle stimulating hormone – FSH and Luteinizing hormone – LH in the blood stream. FSH stimulates the ovaries and produces eggs while LH gives the signal to the ovaries to release the eggs.
- Day 14th of the menstrual cycle – The Ovulation Phase – On the 14th day of the menstrual cycles the LH hormone levels increases beyond normal. This signals the follicles containing the mature egg to release it. This egg then travels through the fallopian tube. This is the high fertile time for the women and if she ahs sexual intercourse then there is high chances of she getting pregnant.
- Day 15th to 27th of the menstrual cycle – Near about on the 20th day of the menstrual cycles the egg gets released and this is the time when the female body starts producing estrogen and progesterone hormones. Estrogen increases the blood flow in the uterus and thickens the inner linings of the uterus while progesterone helps the fertilized egg get properly implanted in the lining.
If fertilization takes place then the body continues to produce progesterone, as it helps in the proper development of the embryo. This progesterone also blocks the release of further eggs. This situation remains the same till the entire duration of the pregnancy. The estrogen also helps in the fetal maturation and helps in developing the vital body organs of the baby's body.
If fertilization doesn’t take place then the production of estrogen and progesterone stops. In the absence of these hormones the inner lining of the uterus breaks and are released through the vagina. This is what you see in the form of bleeding from your vagina. This is the beginning of another menstrual cycle and again the phases 1 to 4 happens in succession of one another.
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